Ancient Peru was the seat of several prominent Andean civilizations, most notably that of the Incas whose empire was captured by the Spanish conquistadors in 1533.
During the time of the Inca’s, the production of pottery in the Andes was an art that had already developed in the region for thousands of years. One characteristic of Inca pottery is that it did not portray the human form, unlike other cultures that thrived before them. They focused more on geometric patterns and shapes and heads of animals. The pottery of the Incas lacked the drama and artistry of the ceramics of earlier civilizations of Peru like the Moche and Nazca.
Mochicas Terracotta Head
The best example of pottery produced before the days of the Inca Empire is found in the ceramics produced by the Moche or Mochica culture that thrived from 100 to 700 AD in the northern Peruvian coast. The Moche produced large amounts of pottery aided by the use of molds to create large quantities of specific shapes. Their color pallet was mostly limited to red, black and white. They used anthropomorphic figures and animal faces and bodies to shape their ceramic. They were the only pre-Inca culture to incorporate realistic facial expressions and emotions in their pottery work, a characteristic that the Inca pottery did not employ.
The production and the use of pottery during the Inca Civilization had two purposes, utilitarian and ceremonial. Ceremonial pottery also known as huaco was of the best quality material and the most elaborate, it was made specifically for ceremonial purposes or rituals only, such as in burial grounds containing drinks and food that the dead would need for its journey. The finest pottery and ceramic was produced for religious ceremonies, they would contain the food offered to the Inca gods such as Inti or Sun.
Utilitarian pottery was produced for everyday use and was usually thicker and less elaborate. The most common Inca vessel was the stirrup spout which is a bottle shaped vase intended for holding liquids with a long neck that forms the spout which usually serves as a handle. Inca effigy jars were also a popular utilitarian ceramic that was made in large quantities since they were casted from a mold, whereas the stirrup spouts were handmade and welded into the vessel.
Ceremonial Inca Vase
Larco Museum – Lima, Peru
Seated figure bottle, 2nd–5th century
Peru; Moche Ceramic
( Met NY )
Stirrup-spout bottle with snake, 2nd–3rd century
Peru; Moche Ceramic
Moche Jar 4th Century
( Artsconnected )
Portrait Head Bottle, 5th–6th century
Peru; Moche Ceramic
( Met NY )
Peruvian Colonial Chalice
Inca Colonial blackware vessel dating to the early Colonial period.
1550 AD – 1600 AD ( Ancient Artifax )
Chimu Canteen -with image of Shaman
Cuspisnique Vessel
Inca Aribalo
Large oval jar, Nazcar
300BC – 600AD
Inca Jaguar handled Vase
Andean 900 BCE-1532 CE
Artsconnected, Minneapolis Institute of Arts
Inca Kero ( drinking vessel )
Machu Picchu , Peru
Machu Picchu was built around 1450, at the height of the Inca Empire and was abandoned just over 100 years later in 1573. Fortunately the Spanish conquistadors weren’t aware of the location and didn’t have the chance to plunder or deface any of the sacred rocks there like they did at other Inca Temples. While the Inca pottery was fairly basic , their feats as architects, engineers and stonemasons were unrivalled when they were rulers in the early Fifteenth Century. Their construction of the palatial granite complex, Machu Picchuu, in the Sacred Valley, over 4000 metres above sea level, is an absolute marvel. It was built to withstand earthquakes, by being constructed without any mortar so the stones could absorb vibrations, and it had a sophisticated filtration system to prevent landslides. The remote and unique location was chosen as it sat in the middle of the 4 main sacred mountains of Peru.
The location of Machu Picchu was determined by “sacred geography” because the site was built on and around mountains that held high religious importance in the Inca culture and in the previous cultures that occupied the region.. Although known locally, it was unknown to the outside world before being brought to international attention in 1911 by the American historian Hiram Bingham.
Photo – Andre-Gunthe
Photo – Andre Gunthe
www.aguntherphotography.com
Photo – Andre-Gunthe
This rock platform is situated plum in the middle of four sacred mountains.















































































































































































































































































































































































































































